Recent advances in epidemic modeling: non-Markov stochastic models and their scaling limits
Raphaël Forien, Guodong Pang and Etienne Pardoux – GJM, Volume 7, Issue 2 (2022), 19-75.
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- janvier 12, 2023
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In this survey paper, we review recent advances in individual based non–Markovian epidemic models. They include epidemic models with a constant infectivity rate, varying infectivity rate or infection-age dependent infectivity, infection-age dependent recovery rate (or equivalently, general law of infectious period), as well as varying susceptibility/immunity. We focus on the scaling limits with a large population, functional law of large numbers (FLLN) and functional central limit theorems (FCLT), while the large and moderate deviations for some Markovian epidemic models are also reviewed. In the FLLN, the limits are either a set of Volterra integral equations, or a system of coupled ODE/PDEs with integral boundary conditions. In the FCLT, the limits are stochastic Volterra integral equations driven by Gaussian processes. We relate our deterministic limits to results of Kermack and McKendrick published in their 1927, 1932 and 1933 seminal papers, where varying infectivity and susceptibility/immunity were already considered. We also discuss some extensions such as models with heterogeneous population, spatial models and control problems, and present some open problems.
Milestones:
Received: June 15, 2022
Accepted: May 16, 2022
Revised: September 22, 2022
Published online: December 30, 2022
Authors:
Raphaël ForienINRAE, Centre INRAE PACA,
Domaine St-Paul - Site Agroparc,
84914 Avignon Cedex, FRANCE.
Guodong PangDepartment of Computational Applied Mathematics and Operations Research,
George R. Brown College of Engineering,
Rice University, Houston, TX 77005.
Etienne PardouxAix--Marseille Université, CNRS,
Centrale Marseille, I2M,
UMR 7373, 13453 Marseille, France.